Oracle Database@Azure provides customers with a new option for managing encryption keys, Oracle wallets, Java Keystores (JKS), Java Cryptography Extension Keystores (JCEKS), and credential files, which include SSH private keys, regardless of the cloud in which they are operating.
Oracle Key Vault is a fault-tolerant, continuously available and highly scalable key management system that has been purpose-built to provide key management for highly consolidated Oracle database deployments, for example Oracle Exadata Database Service on Oracle Database@Azure.
While Oracle and Azure are responsible for securing the underlying infrastructure supporting Oracle Database@Azure, customers are responsible for implementing the required security controls in their applications and any configuration mechanisms to meet their security and compliance mandates. Having the option to use Oracle Key Vault in Azure, which consumes Exadata databases in Oracle Database@Azure, offers customers the following benefits:
- Fault tolerance
- High availability
- Scalability
- Security
- Standards-compliance
Security objects that you can manage with Oracle Key Vault include encryption keys, Oracle wallets, Java Keystores (JKS), Java Cryptography Extension Keystores (JCEKS), and credential files. Credential files can include SSH private keys, used for public key authentication to remote servers (on-premises or in any cloud), or database account passwords for unattended execution of regularly scheduled maintenance scripts. Oracle Key Vault is optimized for the Oracle Cloud Stack (database, middleware, systems), and advanced security transparent data encryption (TDE). In addition, it complies with the industry standard OASIS Key Management Interoperability Protocol (KMIP) for compatibility with KMIP-based clients. Oracle Key Vault works with endpoints, which it treats as clients to store and manage security objects, share them with trusted peers, and retrieve them. An endpoint is a computer system such as a database server, an application server, and other information systems, where keys are used to access encrypted data and credentials are used to authenticate to other systems. For database servers hosting one or more Oracle databases, each Oracle database will be at least one endpoint.
Architecture
This architecture shows how to build an Oracle Key Vault image and use it to provision an Oracle Key Vault on an Azure virtual machine (VM). Then use that Oracle Key Vault as a secure long-term external key management storage for Exadata encryption keys.
The following diagram illustrates this reference architecture.
Description of the illustration key-vault-database-azure-diagram.png
key-vault-database-azure-diagram-oracle.zip
To achieve maximum availability and reliability of Oracle Key Vault for Oracle Database@Azure, all components in the provided architecture must be deployed in Azure.
The architecture has the following components:
- Azure region
An Oracle Cloud Infrastructure region is a localized geographic area that contains one or more data centers, called availability domains. Regions are independent of other regions, and vast distances can separate them (across countries or even continents).
An Azure region is a geographical area in which one or more physical Azure data centers, called availability zones, reside. Regions are independent of other regions, and vast distances can separate them (across countries or even continents).
Azure and OCI regions are localized geographic areas. For Oracle Database@Azure, an Azure region is connected to an OCI region, with availability zones (AZs) in Azure connected to availability domains (ADs) in OCI. Azure and OCI region pairs are selected to minimize distance and latency.
- Azure availability zone
An availability zone is a physically separate data center within a region that is designed to be available and fault tolerant. Availability zones are close enough to have low-latency connections to other availability zones.
- Microsoft Azure Virtual Netwok
Microsoft Azure Virtual Network (VNet) is the fundamental building block for your private network in Azure. VNet enables many types of Azure resources, such as Azure virtual machines (VM), to securely communicate with each other, the internet, and on-premises networks.
- Exadata Database Service on Dedicated Infrastructure
Oracle Exadata Database Service delivers proven Oracle Database capabilities on purpose-built, optimized Oracle Exadata infrastructure in the public cloud. Built-in cloud automation, elastic resource scaling, security, and fast performance for OLTP, in-memory analytics, and converged Oracle Database workloads help simplify management and reduce costs.
Exadata Cloud Infrastructure X9M brings more CPU cores, increased storage, and a faster network fabric to the public cloud. Exadata X9M storage servers include Exadata RDMA Memory (XRMEM), creating an additional tier of storage, boosting overall system performance. Exadata X9M combines XRMEM with innovative RDMA algorithms that bypass the network and I/O stack, eliminating expensive CPU interrupts and context switches.
Exadata Cloud Infrastructure X9M increases the throughput of its 100 Gbps active-active Remote Direct Memory Access over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) internal network fabric, providing a faster interconnect than previous generations with extremely low-latency between all compute and storage servers.
- Oracle Database@Azure
Oracle Database@Azure is the Oracle Database service running on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI), and is colocated in Microsoft Azure data centers. The service offers features and price parity with OCI. Users purchase the service on Azure Marketplace.
Oracle Database@Azure integrates Oracle Exadata Database Service, Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC), and Oracle Data Guard technologies into the Azure platform. Oracle Database@Azure service offers the same low latency as other Azure-native services and meets mission-critical workloads and cloud-native development needs. Users manage the service on the Azure console and with Azure automation tools. The service is deployed in Azure Virtual Network (VNet) and integrated with the Azure identity and access management system. The OCI and Oracle Database metrics and audit logs are natively available in Azure. The service requires that users have an Azure tenancy and an OCI tenancy.
- Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)
Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) transparently encrypts data at rest in an Oracle Database. It stops unauthorized attempts from the operating system to access database data stored in files, without impacting how applications access the data using SQL. TDE is fully integrated with Oracle Database and can encrypt entire database backups (RMAN), Data Pump exports, entire application tablespaces, or specific sensitive columns. Encrypted data remains encrypted in the database, whether it is in tablespace storage files, temporary tablespaces, undo tablespaces, or other files such as redo logs.
- Key Vault
Oracle Key Vault securely stores encryption keys, Oracle Wallets, Java KeyStores, SSH key pairs, and other secrets in a scalable, fault-tolerant cluster that supports the OASIS KMIP standard and deploys in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, Microsoft Azure, and Amazon Web Services as well as on-premises on dedicated hardware or virtual machines.
